Process of producing printing-types.



k G. R. CORNWALL.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING PRINTING TYPES. APPLICATION FILED APR 17, 1905. RENEWED JULY 18, 1914.

1,128,267., r 'Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

GEORGE R. CORNWALL, OF RYE, NEW YORK, A SSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO

JAMES G. COFFIN, TRUSTEE.

PROCESS OF PRODUCING PRINTING-TYPES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915..

Application filed April 17, 1955, Serial No. 256,124. Renewed JulylS, I914. Serial No. 851,817.

To all whom it mag concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE R. CORNWALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rye, in the county of Westchester and State of New York, have invented new and use;

ful Improvements in Processes of Producing Printing-Types, of which the following is a specification.

An object of the invention is to provide a process for producing integral printing:

types having a planographic printing. surface; also to provide thereby a type which is of great durability and which is capable of yielding impressions of great clearness and artistic value.

These and other objects of the invention will more fully appear from the following description. I

The invention consists in the novel improvements, steps and processes herein shown and described. p

The accompanying drawings, referred to herein and forming a part hereof, illustrate certain steps in the process, or processes of my invention, the same serving in connection with the description herein, to explain the principles of the invention. The drawings are somewhat diagrammatic in character and do not necessarily represent the relative proportions of objects nor of the parts of objects, drawings of this nature being best, adapted to illustrate inventions of this characte Of the drawings: Figure 1 indicates type a body of assembled blanks; and Fig. 5

depicts a method of registering a characterbearing negative or positive with the surfaces of theblanks.

Printing types of this character have many properties differing from those of integral types heretofore known and are adaptable to uses to which the types now 'knownin the art are not adaptable. One

of the uses to which they are so adaptable is for the purpose of taking or yielding an impression which is capable, under [proper treatment, to give a planographic printing medium. The adaptability of said line units, composed of integral types of this nature toeasy and accurate justification and etc., will be readily correction, substitutions, understood. Types of, this character possess many other advantages and are susceptible to many other uses.

In the process of producing types of this character blanks are provided with surfaces of such unit widths as correspond to the relative unit widths of the characters to be placed upon the different blanks. It is common to assign a unit width value of two to 'the. letter i, of four to the letter a, and I of six to the letter w, etc. These blanks may be of any suitable material, such as wood, rubber, metal, glass, etc., and may be of any suitable height, and where found convenient, they may be of the same height as ordinary relieftypes. While, so far as w certain features of this invention are concerned, the types may be produced or manuf factured individually, other features of the invention contemplate the production of said types in quantities, and a process forming part of this invention is described for the production of the said types in quantities.

mg means for said blanks are provided in the carrying out of the process and such holding means is herein shown as a frame or chase 2 having pressure-exertmg means 3 exerting an adjustable pressure against members or rules 4 which are shown in contact with the sides of the assembled blanks 1. The adjustable pressure-exerting memhere 3 may be screw-threaded into the chase 2, and the regulation of the pressure secured by the rotation of the said members 3 by suitable turning means 5. Upon the surface of the said blanks, either before being assembled or afterward, out preferably after they are assembled, a coating of a llght-sensitive material, such as sens tive asphalt,

. of the blanks: cdnvenient waybf making such anegative is. by producinga model design or character in a transferable medium. This design or character may then be laid down from said model upon a suitable sheet 4 or surface as many times and in such relation or relations as may be desired or necessary. A negativemay then be made from the sheet or surface, the production of the negative being regulated so as to secure the characters of proper size. A positive may bemade'by contact, or otherwise, from the negative when suitable or convenient.- The-negative 6 may be placed in contact with the sensitized surfaces 7 of the blanks and may he, brought into accurate register with the-said surfaces so that the characters carried by the negative may be symmetrically placed with respect to the said'surfaces. This registration may be effectedby registerimg means, such as 8, which may be ailixedto the chase 2 and may be constructed to afiord' accurate regulation of the movement of the negative '6 in all directions. When the negative is properly placed it may be held by suitable clamping means 9, if desired, and the'negative with the sensitive surfaces underneath is well exposed-to the light. The negative is then removed and also the registering and clamping members 9- may be. made movable, if desired. The surfaces of 'the said types, when the coating consists of .chromatedalbumen 'or chromated gelatin may then be developed whereby the portions unafliected by the light are desensitized. By suitable treatment the parts not acted upon bythe light maybe dissolved to a greater pr less degree, thus furnishing a planegraphic' surface in very I'ellBf. Substances admirably adapted for pro viding' the surfaces for the blairks arethe light-sensitive hydrocarbons. A. well-flown substance of this class is sensitive-asphalt, mentioned above, which may be obtainedin a .well-lmown mannertrom commercial asphalt.- The treatment of these substances is generally similar to that hereinbefore mentioned. The body oi? the types, as hereinbefore indicated, may be' metal, glass or other snitable material. The asphalt is flowed over the surfaces of the blanks and is allowed to dry and-forms a sensitive layer or thereon. "lit is then subjected to'the action obi light under the negative or poci arcane? andrejecting moisture, while the portions l which were not acted on by the light through the negative will be ink-reje'ctant and'moisture ta'ki'ng; These types are then adaptable for printing by the planographic method, 2;, upon the surfaces being first dampened and then inked the designs or characters alone will take the ink and upon impression will yield the design or character'in the ink' to a proper receiving surface.

From all the foregoing it will be under stood thatamong other results an integral type" has been provided having a surface a apted for Iplanographic print1ng;- that said 'suriace pessesses'printing qualities of a high character and that it possesses great durability thiit a method has been provided forproduci'ng such types," easily and menpensively.

Th6'ihventi0n, in its broader aspects, is

not limited to the particular means employed in, or manner of carrying out the process, nor to any particular means, manner or embodiments, as many changes may be made therein without departing from the main principles 'of'the invention and without sacrificin" its chief advantages.

' le the type blanks and type characters have been described herein as conforming to the unit system, it will be understood that this is notessential to the invention so far as regards certain at its features, but the use ot'the unit system is contemplated by the lIlX'GIllllQlll in other of its aspects. It is only essential, so far as regards the firstmentioned' features of the invention, that eachot the blanks be formed in a width bearing a'proper relation to the width of the character which it is to receive, whether they-are composed on a unit system ornfoti' lit will be understood also that the blanks will be formed of a face-height which is convenient and appropriate for the End of letter tobe impressed thereon.

Whatll (to claim as my invention and desire to seeme by Letters Patent, is:

. l. The processor producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of blanks of suitable width, each of said blanks I which consists in assembling a plurality of suitableblanks of a width corresponding to the width of the character desired, holding said blanks in their assembled position so thattheir faces may lie in a single plane,

applying a sensitized coating to the said surfaces, and projecting characters thereon by the action of light.

3. The process of producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of suitable blanks, holding said blanks in their assembled position so that'their faces may lie in a single plane, applying a sensitized coating to the said surfaces, bringing a negative containing a plurality of character'images int o register with said assembled blanks so that an image in the negative will be properly positioned with respect to the surface of each blank, andsubjecting the said surfaces to the action of light through said negative. I

4 The process of producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of 1 blanks so that their surfaces will lie substantially in a single plane, holding same in fixed relation when assembled, applying a sensitive coating or layer to the surfaces of said blanks, placing a negative containinga multiplicity of-characterimag'es' in contact with said surfaces, bringing said negative into accurate register so that a character image in the negative will be roperly positioned with respect to the sur ace of each of the blanks, tion of light passing through the said negatlve, and then developing said surfaces.

5 The process of producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of blanks of proper unit width so that their surfaces will lie 'substantially in a single plane, holding same in fixed relation when assembled, applying a sensitive coating or layer to the surfaces of said blanks, placing a negative contalning a multiplicityof character images in contact with said surfaces, bringingsaid negative into be properly positioned with respect to the surface ofeach of the blanks, exposing said through the said negative, and t en blanks tive in proper register with exposing said surfaces to the ac upon each of said surfaces,

accurate register so that a character image in the negative will surfaces to the action of li ht assing eveloping said surfaces. 1 4

I 6-. The process of producing printingtypes which consists in assembling a plurality of so that their surfaces will lie substantially in a single plane, holding same in fixed relation when assembled, applying a sensitive coating or layer to the surfaces of said blanks, drying .said coating or layer, placing a negative containinga multiplicity faces, bringing said negative into accurate register so that a character image 1n the negative will be properly positioned wlth respect to the surface of each of the blanks, exposing said surfaces to the action of hght passing through the said negative, and then developing said surfaces.

7. The process of producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of blanks, holding same in fixed relation when assembled, appl asphalt to the said surfaces, drying sa1d coating, placing a character-bearing negathe said sur faces so that a character will be impressed upon'each of said surfaces, exposing the said of characterimages in contact with said surying a coating'of sensitive surfaces to the light through the negative,

then developing said surfaces.

, 8. The process of producing printing types which consists in assembling a plurality of blanks, holding same in fixed relation when assembled, applying. a coating of sensitive asphalt to the saidsurfaces, drying sa1d coating, placing a character-bearing negatime in; proper register with the said surfaces so that a character will be impressed exposing the said surfaces to the light through the negative, then developing said surfaces with turpentine.-

In testimony whereof I have signed my vname to this specification 1n the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' GEORGE R. CORNWALL. Witnesses: E. M. PEASE,

JOHN D. MORGAN. 

